Njira zitatu zokonzekera magalasi apamwamba a quartz

Galasi Yachilengedwe ya Silika

Gulu loyamba limaphatikizapo kusungunuka kwachilengedwe khwatsi makhiristo kapena silika kuti apange galasi lachilengedwe la quartz, lomwe lingagawidwenso m'njira monga kusungunuka kwamagetsi, kuyaka kwa gasi, ndi kusungunuka kwa plasma kutengera kutentha ndi njira.

Mu njira yamagetsi yosungunula magetsi, zida za quartz za ufa mu crucible zimasungunuka pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwamagetsi (kuphatikiza kutenthetsa kutentha ndi kutentha kwa electromagnetic induction), kutsatiridwa ndi kuzizira kofulumira kwa vitrification kupanga galasi la quartz14. Panthawi yosungunuka, mawonekedwe a kristalo a quartz amatha kusintha kuchokera ku β-quartz kupita ku α-quartz, kenako kupita ku α-cristobalite (yophatikizidwa ndi mapangidwe a amorphous phase), mpaka kufika pafupifupi 1723 ° C, kumene quartz imasungunuka.

High Purity Quartz Sand

Kusungunuka kwa ufa wa quartz nthawi zambiri kumachitika pamalo otsekemera (0.1 ~ 10 Pa) kuti achotse mpweya womwe umatulutsidwa ndikuchepetsa kuwira mu galasi la quartz. Ubwino wa galasi la quartz lokonzedwa ndi njira yosungunula magetsi makamaka zimadalira chiyero cha zipangizo. Zonyansa zachitsulo muzinthu za quartz nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuchotsa, kotero zonyansa zachitsulo mugalasi la quartz losakanikirana nthawi zambiri zimakhala zapamwamba komanso zovuta kuziwongolera. Chinyezi mu ufa wa quartz ukhoza kuchotsedwa bwino ndi kuyanika, kotero galasi la quartz lokhala ndi hydroxyl yochepa likhoza kukonzedwa ndi njira yosungunuka yamagetsi.

Galasi Yopangira Quartz

Gulu lachiwiri limaphatikizapo kupanga galasi ya quartz Kudzera pamachitidwe amankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi silicon (mwachitsanzo, ma halosilanes, ma hydrosilanes, ndi organosilicons) ngati zida zopangira, zomwe zimatchedwa synthetic quartz glass. Kutengera ndi zomwe zimachitika, gululi lagawidwanso m'njira zitatu.

1) Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (PCVD): Ma silicon okhala ndi ma oxidation amatenthedwa m'malo opanda madzi kuti apange SiO₂.

2) Flame Hydrolysis Deposition (FHD): Mankhwala okhala ndi silicon amakumana ndi hydrolysis (nthawi zambiri amatsagana ndi okosijeni) mu lawi la hydrogen-oxygen.

3) Njira ya Sol-gel: Zinthu zokhala ndi silicon zimadutsa mu hydrolysis mu sing'anga yamadzi.

Mwa izi, FHD ndiukadaulo wogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwambiri komanso wokhwima wamakampani, kuphatikiza kaphatikizidwe kachindunji ndi kaphatikizidwe kosalunjika.

● Direct Synthesis: Kutentha kwambiri kwa hydrolysis kumapanga tinthu tating'ono ta SiO₂ tosungunuka, zomwe zimayikidwa mwachindunji pagawo laling'ono ndikuzizidwa kuti zipange galasi la quartz.

● Indirect Synthesis : Kutentha kochepa kwa hydrolysis kumapanga tinthu tating'ono tomwe timapanga mwaye ngati SiO₂, kupanga thupi la SiO₂ la porous. Thupi la porous ili limataya madzi m'thupi, doping, sintering, ndi kuzizira kuti lipereke galasi la quartz.

M'mafakitale, njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi jekeseni wa Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). Njira zosalunjika za kaphatikizidwe zimaphatikizapo njira zosinthidwa kutengera CVD, monga masitepe awiri a CVD, Vapor-phase Axial Deposition (VAD), ndi Outside Vapor Deposition (OVD).

Njirazi zimasiyana pokonzekera ndi zinthu zomaliza. Mwachitsanzo, CVD ndi CVD ya masitepe awiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magalasi akuluakulu a quartz, pomwe VAD ndi OVD amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga magalasi a quartz optical fiber preforms. Ngakhale pali kusiyana kumeneku, njira zonsezi zimachokera ku mfundo za Flame Hydrolysis Deposition (FHD).

Magalasi a Quartz

Optic Fiber Preform

Njira Yosinthira Matenthedwe

Muzochita zamafakitale, zofunikira za mawonekedwe a zinthu zamagalasi a quartz ndizofunikira. Mwachitsanzo, machubu agalasi a quartz oyeretsedwa kwambiri ndi ndodo zamagalasi a quartz amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani a semiconductor. Zotsatira zake, kukonzanso zinthu (kukonzanso) kumakhala kofunika kwambiri pakupanga magalasi a quartz. Pakadali pano, njira yosinthira kutentha ndiyo njira yayikulu yosinthira mafakitale galasi ya quartz mankhwala. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenthetsa galasi la quartz mpaka kufewetsa kwake ndikusintha mawonekedwe ake malinga ndi zofunikira.

Synthetic quartz glass chubu

Pamene kutentha ukuwonjezeka, ndi galasi ya quartz preform imafewa, kulola kuti ikokedwe pansi ndi chipangizo chokokera kuti ipange ndodo zagalasi za quartz kapena machubu. Posintha kutentha kwa ng'anjo ndi liwiro la kujambula, ndodo kapena machubu okhala ndi ma diameter osiyanasiyana amatha kupangidwa. Makonzedwe a koyilo ndi kamangidwe ka ng'anjo ya ng'anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi imakhudza kwambiri gawo logawa kutentha mkati mwa ng'anjoyo. Pakupanga kothandiza, kuwongolera mwamphamvu kwa gawoli la kutentha ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire mtundu wa zinthu zamagalasi a quartz.

Ndodo zamagalasi a quartz ndi machubu agalasi a quartz

(Zigawo zachithunzi: 1-quartz glass mother rod; 2-heating element; 3-quartz glass rod; 4-quartz glass mother chubu; 5-induction coil; 6-quartz glass chubu; 7-tractor)